Electrified Railway Type
Electric railway refers to the railway with electric traction. It is also called electrified railway. On the electrified railway, electric trains (trains and EMUs pulled by electric locomotives) are operated, and electric traction power supply systems are set along the railway to supply power to electric locomotives and electric vehicles (electric locomotive motor cars for short).
Electrified railway is a railway with electric locomotive as the basic traction force. It is composed of electric locomotive and electric power supply system.
The power supply of the electrified railway is from the national grid. The high-voltage alternating current from the State Grid is sent to the railway traction substation for the first time of voltage reduction, and then sent to the overhead contact system. After the locomotive gets the current from the catenary, it will conduct the second voltage reduction in the locomotive and be rectified into DC (or rectified in the traction substation) to drive the DC motor. The motor drives the locomotive wheel axle to rotate, and the locomotive can pull the carriage forward.
The electrified railway has developed rapidly and has become the most modern railway. Its main features are:
(1) Electric locomotive has high efficiency. The efficiency of thermal power generation is 4 times that of steam locomotive; If hydropower is used, the efficiency is 10 times that of steam locomotive.
(2) High power. At the end of the 20th century, the maximum power electric locomotive can reach more than 10000 horsepower (the power of Shaoshan electric locomotive used in China is 5700 horsepower), which is four times that of steam locomotive, and diesel locomotive is also incomparable. Because of its strong traction capacity, it can be used on busy railways to ease the tension of transportation.
(3) Fast acceleration and strong climbing ability, especially suitable for mountain railways. In addition, electric locomotives do not pollute the environment, the driver's working conditions are good, and passengers can also be free from soot and exhaust gas during the journey
